This study is devoted to the Philippines, namely, considering such phenomena as urbanization and technological development on their territory. During the work on the study of the region in question, previous hypotheses about the high level of urbanization and the high potential of technology in the Philippines were confirmed. The knowledge gained made it possible to assess the region’s current situation and make forecasts for the near future. The article’s uniqueness is expressed in the fact that such phenomena as urbanization and technological development are viewed through the prism of poverty because its impact is sufficiently significant for the Philippines.
Introduction
This phenomenon is especially characteristic of third world countries, which are developing unevenly, where a patriarchal society prevails, and developed countries use the local population as cheap labor. The Philippines illustrate how, with a high level of urbanization and technological development, they maintain a high level of poverty and social inequality.
Key concepts
Developing countries (these are countries with underdeveloped economies, low economic potential, backward technology and technology, the industry’s non-progressive structure, and thrift).
Method and Material
The main subject of the study is the manifestation of such phenomena as urbanization and technological development in the Philippines. The main hypothesis of this work is to prove the influence of the poverty factor on the processes mentioned above. This factor impacts the growth of urbanization and uneven technological development in the Philippines. To confirm the hypothesis, an analysis of the available statistical data was carried out using the principle of objectivity over the past 15-20 years. The main variables were residents of the Philippines and the city, which correlated throughout the study.
The study was conducted based on the analysis and synthesis of previous studies conducted both in the Philippines and in other Southeast Asian countries. About ten scientific papers were published over the past five years and devoted to poverty and such phenomena as urbanization and technological development. Each of the works presents a complete and objective study with up-to-date data and regional specifics. To work with such a large amount of material, a narrative method of interviewing is used to interpret scientists’ conclusions in chronological order and evaluate their indicators. Based on the analysis and analogies in this study, a possible model of the development of the Philippines for the coming years was modeled.
Combining and synthesizing the selected methods and the collected material, this work looks like a complete and complete study. In matters of urbanization and technological development, statistical material and the ability to compare the experience of the past and the prospects of the future are important. This topic is relevant, given the ongoing cataclysms (from pandemics to continental wars). In this work, the strategy of establishing causal relationships is applied, which allows us to predict the further development of the Philippines. This study and the methods and materials used will be an excellent basis for future research.
Boundaries
This job attracted me largely because of my nationality in this region. The sources used in the study were published in the Philippines and some Southeast Asian countries. This geographical diversity allows us to compare the development of the Philippines with neighboring countries in the region and study their experience. The main conclusion from the above is that the problem of urbanization and technological development in the Philippines is being studied in different regions and offers alternative points of view. This fact gives this work more significant than it seems at first glance.
Source Criticism
In this study, ten articles are used, of which four works are highlighted, which will be briefly described one by one later. The article by San Juan and Agustin (2019) is a set of selected and reliable sources on urbanization that provide accurate and up-to-date data on the current situation in the Philippines. Scientists often use a wide array of statistical data on the situation with resettlement from the village to the city and emphasize its relevance in the 1980s and 2010s. This article sharply criticizes the official data on poverty in the Philippines and reveals the true data based on basic knowledge of the theory of value-added and economic dependence (San Juan and Augustin, 2019, p. 290). The authors conclude that official statistics deliberately conceal the extent of poverty to demonstrate the intensive development of the Philippines.
The article by Cudia, Rivera, and Tullao (2019) provides reliable information about the level of poverty in the Philippines. The initial database of the source used allows us to conclude its reliability and quality of statistical data and makes it possible to use it in this study. Using materials from the Economic Department of the Philippines, researchers concluded that the region needs economic reform with a bias toward entrepreneurship (Cudia, Rivera, and Tullao, 2019, p. 125). The authors prove the hypothesis on the examples of Manila, where entrepreneurial activity was significantly facilitated, which led to a reduction in poverty and the development of the middle class. The authors note that many resources in the region can and should be used for economic development.
The article by Chen and his colleagues (2019) is devoted to poverty and its impact on the level of urbanization and contains valuable and practical information. This work is of indirect importance for the Philippines because it examines the experience of other Southeast Asian countries (Chen et al., 2019, p. 13). The source base, consisting of statistical data and materials from scientists from the region under consideration, allows us to apply their experience to the Philippines to determine general development trends in the future. This fact indicates the reliability of the selected source and the relevance of its data. Using data from 1986 to 2018, the authors of the article give a clear idea of the impact of the growth of urbanization on poverty reduction.
Bahrini and Kaffas’s (2019) work is dedicated to developing countries’ technological development and economic growth. The authors mention reliable and verified sources that apply to the situation in the Philippines. The qualitative selection of sources from 1988 to 2017 indicates a deep understanding of the topic by researchers. The authors compare the development of the Philippines over the past 15-20 years and draw a parallel between technological development and the economic growth of modern states. (Bahrini and Kaffas, 2019, p. 12). This source was chosen as one of the key ones when considering this area, and based on its data; it became possible to predict the economic development of the Philippines in the following years.
Each of the articles contains reliable information related to this study. The inclusion of statistical data and the earliest and latest knowledge on this topic makes the work attractive for future scientists. The analysis and critical approach to the works demonstrated in the 1980s to the present day demonstrate a competent and qualitative approach to the study of urbanization and technological development in the Philippines.
Discussion and Conclusion
Urbanization and technological development have a significant impact on people’s lives in the Philippines. On the one hand, fast-growing cities, high innovative development, and economic and labor growth. On the other hand, the increase in financial inequality between urban and rural residents and the rapid consumption of natural resources. Almost every positive aspect will have its drawback, which is normal for this situation. The skillful leadership of local political officials can contribute to the prosperity of the Philippines in economic terms and others.
The country needs economic and social reforms that can lead countries to several developed countries in the future. High economic potential, possession of renewable resources, and attractiveness for investment from outside can significantly transform the Philippines. Through a set of measures, it is possible to improve the internal infrastructure of cities and reduce the level of social inequality and poverty. The Philippines is one of the keys, and large states of Southeast Asia must use this advantage for the country’s prosperity.
Urbanization should not contribute to forming a gap between the city and the countryside but work as a social elevator that will allow citizens to take their lives to a new economic level. Technological development should attract the local population to learn and master new ways to improve lives and create advanced and in-demand goods for everyday use. Developed countries should support the Philippines through investment but not deprive the local population of access to them. The country needs qualitative changes to get out of the status of developing countries and stop being a place of cheap labor. The Philippines has potential in many areas of public life; it is only necessary to develop a competent development strategy.
Reference List
Bahrini, R. and Qaffas, A. A. (2019) ‘Impact of information and communication technology on economic growth: evidence from developing countries’, Economies, 7(1), pp. 1–13.
Chen, M. et al. (2019) ‘Urbanization patterns and poverty reduction: a new perspective to explore the countries along the belt and road’, Habitat International, 84(1), pp. 1–14.
Cudia, C. P., Rivera, J. P. R. and Tullao, T. S. (2019) ‘Alleviating poverty in the Philippines through entrepreneurship’, DLSU Business & Economics Review, 28(3), pp. 121–130.
San Juan, D. M. M. and Agustin, P. J. C. (2019) ‘Poverty, inequality, and development in the Philippines: official statistics and selected life stories’, European Journal of Sustainable Development, 8(1), pp. 290–304.